ᴇxᴘʟᴀɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴇxᴛ ᴘᴛ 1

  

A. Definition

explanation text can be interpreted as explanatory text. The description of the explanation can beinterpreted as an explanation or explain. For this reason, explanation text is a text to provide a clear explanation. 

Usually, explanation text contains explanations about social, natural, or cultural phenomena. The purpose of writing this text is to tell the reader about how something works or why something happens.

B. Structure

• General statement

Provide an introduction to topics such as explanations of general information.

• Explanation (explanation)

Use paragraphs or statements that explain how or why something happened. Write down connections such as cause and effect or temporal sequences.

•  Closing (cover)

Contains a strong closing paragraph or sentence that brings together the general statement and previous explanation.

C. Linguistic Features

1.  Focused on general group rather than specific
2. Use a linking word like, in general , rather, for instance
3. Use action verbs like breaks, erupts
4. Use Present tense
5.  Use Passive voice
6. Reference to people should not be given
7.  Use of technical terms and language relevants to the subjects

Page 11-15

Latihan Soal

Choose the best option A, B, C , D or E !

Teks Eksplanasi 1:

Recycling is a collection, processing, and reuse of materials that would otherwise

be thrown away. Materials ranging from precious metals to broken glass, from old

newspapers to plastic spoons, can be recycled. The recycling process reclaims the

original material and uses it in new products.

In general, using recycled materials to make new products costs less and requires

less energy than using new materials. Recycling can also reduce pollution, either

by reducing the demand for high-pollution alternatives or by minimizing the

amount of pollution produced during the manufacturing process.

Paper products that can be recycled include cardboard containers, wrapping

paper, and office paper. The most commonly recycled paper product is newsprint.

In newspaper recycling, old newspapers are collected and searched for

contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminum foil. The paper goes to a

processing plant where it is mixed with hot water and turned into pulp in a

machine that works much like a big kitchen blender. The pulp is screened and

filtered to remove smaller contaminants. The pulp then goes to a large vat where

the ink separates from the paper fibers and fl oats to the surface. The ink is

skimmed off, dried and reused as ink or burned as boiler fuel. The cleaned pulp is

mixed with new wood fibers to be made into paper again.

Experts estimate the average office worker generates about 5 kg of wastepaper

per month. Every ton of paper that is recycled saves about 1.4 cu m ( about 50 cu ft

) of landfill space. One ton of recycled paper saves 17 pulpwood trees ( trees used

to produce paper ).

1. The following things can be recycled, EXCEPT....

A. Precious metals

B. Broken glass

C. Old newspapers

D. Plastic spoons

E. Fresh vegetables and fruits

2. Which of the following is NOT the benefit of recycling?

A. It costs much money for the process of recycling

B. It costs less to make new products

C. It requires less energy

D. It can reduce pollution

E. It reduces the demand for high-pollution alternatives

3. What is the third step of recycling paper products?

A. Collect and search for contaminants such as plastic bags and aluminium

foil

B. Mix the paper with hot water in a blender which turns it into pulp

C. Screen and filter the pulp to remove smaller contaminants

D. Put the pulp to a large vat to separate the ink from the paper fibres

E. Mix the pulp with new wood fibres to be made into paper again

4. We can make use of the ink after being separated from the paper fibres by doing

the followings, EXCEPT....

A. Skim it off

B. Dry it

C. Reuse as ink

D. Burn as boiler fuel

E. Mix it with the pulp

Teks Eksplanasi 2

Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. Food is needed to built up

new cells and replace the worn out cells. However, the food that we take must be

changed into substances that can be carried in the blood to the places where they

are needed. This process is called digestion.

The first digestive process takes place in the mouth. The food we eat is broken up

into small pieces by the action of teeth, mixed with saliva, a juice secreted by glands

in the mouth. Saliva contains digestive juice which moisten the food, so it can be

swallowed easily.

From the mouth, food passes through the esophagus (the food passage) into the

stomach. Here, the food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach

for several hours. Then the food enters the small intestine. All the time the muscular

walls of the intestine are squeezing, mixing and moving the food onwards.

In a few hours, the food changes into acids. These are soon absorbed by the villi

(microscopic branch projections from the intestine walls) and passed into the

bloodstream.

5. What is the text about?

A. The digestive system

B. The digestive juice

C. The method of the digestive system

D. The process of intestine work

E. The food substances

6. How can we swallow the food easily?

A. The food changes into acids absorbed by the villi.

B. The food must be digested first through the process.

C. The food is directly swallowed through esophagus into the stomach.

D. The food is mixed with the juices secreted by the cells in the stomach.

E. The food we take must be changed into substances carried in the blood to

the places.

7. From the text above, we imply that ....

A. a good process of digestive system will help our body becoming healthier.

B. no one concerned with the process of digestive system for their health.

C. the digestive system is needed if we are eating the food instantly.

D. every body must conduct the processes of digestive system well.

E. the better we digest the food we eat, the healthier we will be.

8. Human body is made up of countless millions of cells. (Paragraph 1)

The phrase made up means ....

A. Produced

B. Managed

C. Arranged

D. Completed

E. Constructed

Teks Eksplanasi 3

Have you ever wondered how people get chocolate from? In this article we’ll

enter the amazing world of chocolate so you can understand exactly what you’re

eating.

Chocolate starts with a tree called the cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial

regions, especially in places such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao

tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. Inside the fruit are the

tree’s seeds, also known as cocoa beans.

The beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun and then shipped to

the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out

the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavor,

so they are often sorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix. Next, the roasted

beans are winnowed. Winnowing removes the meat nib of the cacao bean from its

shell. Then, the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid.

The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter. All seeds contain some amount

of fat, and cacao beans are not different. However, cacao beans are half fat, which

is why the ground nibs form liquid. It’s pure bitter chocolate.

9. The text is about ....

A. the cacao tree

B. the cacao beans

C. the raw chocolate

D. the making of chocolate

E. the flavour of chocolate

10. The third paragraph focuses on ....

A. the process of producing chocolate

B. how to produce the cocoa flavour

C. where chocolate comes from

D. the chocolate liquor

E. the cacao fruit

11. ...so they are often sorted and blended to produce ... (Paragraph 3.) The word sorted

has the closest meaning to ....

A. Arranged

B. Combined

C. Separated

D. Distributed

E. Organized

12. How does the chocolate maker start to make chocolate?

A. By fermenting the beans.

B. By roasting the beans

C. By blending the beans.

D. By sorting the beans.

E. By drying the beans

Teks Eksplanasi 4

What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a food-making process that occurs in

green plants. It is the chief function of leaves. The word photosynthesis means

putting together with light. Green plants use energy from light to combine

carbon dioxide and water to make sugar and other chemical compounds.

How is the light used in photosynthesis?

The light used in photosynthesis is absorbed by a green pigment called

chlorophyll. Each food-making cell in a plant leaf contains chlorophyll in small

bodies called chloroplasts. In chloroplast, light energy causes water drawn form

the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

What are the steps of photosynthesis process? Let me tell you the process of

photosynthesis, in a series of complicated steps, the hydrogen combines with

carbon dioxide from the air, forming a simple sugar. Oxygen from the water

molecules is given off in the process. From sugar together with nitrogen,

sulphur, and phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein,

vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life. Photosynthesis

provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced these compounds.

13. What step after the hydrogen combines with carbon dioxide from the air ...

A. Photosynthesis provides the chemical energy that is needed to produced

these compounds.

B. Water drawn form the soil to split into hydrogen and oxygen.

C. Food-making process that occurs in green plants.

D. Phosporus from the soil-green plants can make starch, fat, protein,

vitamins, and other complex compounds essential for life.

E. Oxygen from the water molecules is given off in the process.

14. What are photosynthesis need ....

A. Water, light, oxygen, worm

B. Soil, chlorophyll, sun, human

C. Bug, air, oxigen, food

D. Light, Carbon dioxide, humus

E. Candle, vitamins, hydrogen

15. What the product of photosynthesis ....

A. Sugar

B. Food and O2

C. Root

D. Food

E. Branch